Portal Jurnal Ilmiah
Goretan Pena

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman anak usia dini dalam kegiatan finger painting sebagai Upaya pengembangan motorik halus di TK Dharma Wanita 2 Tanggunggunung Tulungagung. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena sebagai besar penelitian sebelumnya lebih berfokus pada peningkatan motorik halus secara kuantitatif, sedangkan pengalaman belajar anak dan pengaruh konteks lingkungan local masih jarang dikaji. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 15 anak kelompok B usia 5-6 tahun, satu guru kelas dan kepala sekolah. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi selama kegiatan finger painting berlangsung. Analisa data menggunakan model interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan finger painting mampu meningkatkan antusiasime, kreativitas, rasa percaya diri, dan interaksi social anak selama proses pembelajaran. Anak juga menunjukkan perkembangan pada kelenturan Gerak jari, koordinasi mata dan tangan, serta kemampuan mengontrol Gerakan tangan. Selain itu, lingkungan pegunungan turut memengaruhi pengalaman belajar anak yang terlihat dari karya mereka berupa gunung, pohon, dan suasana pedesaan yang dekat dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi metode fonik dalam pembelajaran membaca permulaan anak usia dini pada kelas A taman kanak-kanak. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasarkan pada masih rendahnya kemampuan membaca permulaan anak serta penggunaan metode pembelajaran yang belum optimal dalam mengenalkan hubungan antara huruf dan bunyi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 20 anak yang terdiri atas 12 laki-laki dan 8 perempuan, serta melibatkan 2 guru sebagai informan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan model interaktif yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi metode fonik dilakukan melalui pembelajaran klasikal dan pendampingan individual, dengan penekanan pada pengenalan hubungan antara huruf dan bunyinya. Guru menggunakan berbagai strategi, seperti pengulangan bunyi, penggunaan media visual, serta pendekatan yang disesuaikan dengan kemampuan anak. Respons anak terhadap pembelajaran menunjukkan antusiasme yang baik, meskipun terdapat variasi kemampuan dalam membaca permulaan. Sebagian besar anak mulai mampu mengenal bunyi huruf dan membaca suku kata sederhana, sementara beberapa anak masih memerlukan bimbingan lebih lanjut. Kesimpulannya, metode fonik mampu mendukung proses pembelajaran membaca permulaan yang lebih interaktif dan bermakna serta berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kemampuan dan kepercayaan diri anak dalam membaca. Oleh karena itu, metode fonik dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif strategi pembelajaran membaca permulaan di lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini.

Abstract: This study investigates the optimization of Human Resources (HR) through the adoption of digital technology in public service and agricultural MSME operations within Pematang Bandar Subdistrict, Simalungun Regency. The research focuses on the pivotal role of digital literacy and technology-based training in driving work efficiency and service quality. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive approach grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Human Resource Development (HRD) theories, primary data were gathered through in-depth interviews and field observations involving subdistrict administrative staff, local MSME actors, and community leaders. The findings reveal that while technological infrastructure has been introduced, the primary bottleneck in digital transformation lies in varying levels of HR digital literacy and resistance to technological change. Implementing structured, ongoing digital training combined with continuous technical mentoring significantly enhances HR readiness, reduces operational delays, and improves service delivery. This study highlights the necessity of strategic HR technology integration and tailored capacity-building programs to achieve sustainable regional development in rural-urban transition areas such as Pematang Bandar. Keywords: Human Resources, Digital Technology Adoption, Digital Literacy, HR Training, Pematang Bandar, TAM.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis optimasi Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) melalui adopsi teknologi digital pada instansi pelayanan publik dan pelaku UMKM di Kecamatan Pematang Bandar, Kabupaten Simalungun. Fokus utama penelitian ini tertuju pada peran penting literasi teknologi dan pelatihan berbasis digital dalam meningkatkan efisiensi kerja serta kualitas pelayanan. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang dilandasi kerangka Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) dan pengembangan SDM, data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi lapangan bersama aparatur kecamatan, pelaku usaha lokal, serta tokoh masyarakat Pematang Bandar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kendala utama transformasi digital di daerah ini bukan hanya ketersediaan infrastruktur, melainkan ketimpangan tingkat literasi digital SDM dan adanya resistensi terhadap perubahan sistem kerja konvensional. Pelaksanaan pelatihan digital yang terstruktur dan pendampingan teknis secara berkelanjutan terbukti secara signifikan meningkatkan kesiapan SDM, memangkas birokrasi operasional, serta mengoptimalkan kualitas pelayanan publik. Studi ini menyimpulkan pentingnya integrasi strategi teknologi SDM yang inklusif guna mendorong pembangunan daerah yang berkelanjutan di Pematang Bandar. Kata kunci: Sumber Daya Manusia, Adopsi Teknologi Digital, Literasi Digital, Pelatihan SDM, Pematang Bandar, TAM.

Abstract: This study investigates the strategic management of media relations by Public Relations (PR) practitioners in Badan Usaha Milik Daerah (BUMD) during operational crises, focusing specifically on the pivotal role of Forum Wartawan Tirtanadi (Forwadi) in shaping and sustaining public sentiment. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach grounded in Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), primary data were gathered through structured, in-depth interviews with PR executives, operational leaders, and media partners at PDAM Tirtanadi Medan. The study addresses the critical challenge of information fragmentation and public anxiety stemming from service disruptions. Findings demonstrate that PDAM Tirtanadi mitigates negative public sentiment through a multi-tiered media relations strategy: executing rapid field-data verification, establishing transparent digital communication hubs via specialized journalist forums, and leveraging local community networks alongside broadcast media. The integration of structured media partnerships with empirical, photo-documented field reporting significantly diminishes public skepticism and stabilizes organizational trust during critical service outages. The research underscores the imperative for continuous crisis communication training and real-time digital integration between field operations and PR departments in public service enterprises. Keywords: Media Relations, Crisis Communication, Forum Wartawan, Public Sentiment, BUMD, SCCT   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi secara mendalam manajemen media relations yang dijalankan oleh Public Relations (PR) Badan Usaha Milik Daerah (BUMD) dalam situasi krisis operasional, dengan fokus utama pada peran strategis Forum Wartawan Tirtanadi (Forwadi) dalam mengelola dan menjaga sentimen publik. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang dilandasi kerangka Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam terstruktur bersama praktisi PR, pimpinan unit operasional, serta jurnalis mitra di PDAM Tirtanadi Medan. Penelitian ini menyoroti tantangan utama berupa fragmentasi informasi dan keresahan publik akibat gangguan distribusi air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PDAM Tirtanadi meredam sentimen negatif publik melalui strategi media relations bertingkat: verifikasi data teknis lapangan secara cepat, pembentukan pusat komunikasi digital yang transparan melalui forum wartawan khusus, serta pemanfaatan jejaring komunitas lokal dan media penyiaran. Integrasi antara kemitraan media yang terstruktur dan pelaporan berbasis bukti faktual di lapangan terbukti secara signifikan menekan spekulasi publik dan memulihkan kepercayaan terhadap BUMD. Studi ini menyimpulkan pentingnya pelatihan komunikasi krisis secara berkelanjutan serta integrasi data real-time antara tim operasional dan tim PR pada BUMD pelayanan publik. Kata kunci: Media Relations, Krisis Komunikasi, Forum Wartawan, Sentimen Publik, BUMD, SCCT

Abstract: This study aims to determine the Correlation of Co-Worker Social Support on Burnout at PT. Andalan Berjaya Nusantara. Burnout is a state of physical, emotional and mental exhaustion. Many factors can influence burnout in employees, one of which is the social support of co-workers. The purpose of this study is to The Effect of Co-Worker Social Support on Burnout in employees who should be able to get social support from fellow co-workers. Co-worker social support greatly influences employee performance and comfort at work. This study is a descriptive quantitative correlational study. The study population was 70 employees with a sample of 70 employees. The data collection technique used a scale of co-worker social support and a burnout scale. The data analysis technique used a product moment correlation. The results of the study between democratic parenting styles and self-adjustment have a positive and significant relationship, this is evidenced by the data analysis obtained r count = -0.821 and p = 0.000 (p <0.05), the conclusion of the study there is a negative relationship between co-worker social support and burnout, where the higher the social support received, the lower the burnout. Keywords: Social Support Co-Workers, Burnout, Worker   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Dukungan Sosial Rekan Kerja terhadap Burnout di PT. Andalan Berjaya Nusantara. Burnout adalah suatu keadaan keletihan (exhaustion) fisik, emosional dan mental. Banyak faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi burnout pada karyawan, salah satunya adalah dukungan sosial rekan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial Rekan Kerja terhadap Burnout pada karyawan yang seharusnya dapat mendapatkan dukungan sosial dari sesama rekan kerja. Dukungan sosial rekan kerja sangat berpengaruh terhadap kinerja dan kenyamanan karyawan dalam bekerja. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif korelasional. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 70 karyawan dengan sampel sebanyak 70 karyawan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan skala dukungan sosial rekan kerja dan skala burnout. Teknik analisis data menggunakan korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian antara dukungan sosial rekan kerja dengan burnout mempunyai hubungan yang positif dan signifikan, hal ini dibuktikan dengan analisis data diperoleh nilai r hitung = -0,821 dan p = 0,000 (p < 0,05), kesimpulan penelitian terdapat hubungan yang negatif antara dukungan sosial rekan kerja dengan burnout, dimana semakin tinggi dukungan sosial yang diterima makan burnout semakin rendah. Kata Kunci: Dukungan Sosial, Burnout, Karyawan

Abstract: Falls represent a leading cause of injury-related mortality among elderly individuals, demanding reliable automated detection deployable in resource-constrained environments. Existing vision-based approaches predominantly employ machine learning classifiers requiring large labelled datasets, substantial training pipelines, and GPU-class hardware, impeding rapid clinical deployment. This paper presents an explainable, fully rule-based real-time fall detection system implemented in Python using MediaPipe Pose, designed to operate on commodity edge devices without any training dataset. The system comprises three tightly integrated layers: (1) a mathematical formulation layer computing vector-based torso angle, distance-ratio body normalization, and frame-to-frame CoM velocity; (2) a temporal modeling layer combining a deterministic four-state Finite State Machine with a sliding-window motion energy analysis; and (3) a robustness evaluation across three camera viewing angles, two lighting conditions, and three fall types. Experimental validation yields a sensitivity of 91.8%, specificity of 95.8%, and F1-score of 93.1%, with a mean end-to-end detection latency of 140.1 ms on Raspberry Pi 4—satisfying a 200 ms real-time constraint while consuming only 72.5% mean CPU and 284 MB RAM. The rule-based architecture provides full decision auditability without black-box models, aligning with emerging XAI requirements for medical device regulation. Keywords: Periodic Table of Elements; Chemistry Teaching Materials; Spiritual Values; Discovery Learning.   Abstrak: Kondisi Jatuh merupakan penyebab utama kematian akibat cedera di kalangan lansia, sehingga membutuhkan deteksi otomatis yang andal dan dapat diterapkan di lingkungan dengan keterbatasan sumber daya. Pendekatan berbasis visi yang ada sebagian besar menggunakan pengklasifikasi pembelajaran mesin yang membutuhkan kumpulan data berlabel besar, alur pelatihan yang substansial, dan perangkat keras kelas GPU, yang menghambat penerapan klinis yang cepat. Makalah ini menyajikan sistem deteksi jatuh waktu nyata yang dapat dijelaskan dan sepenuhnya berbasis aturan yang diimplementasikan dalam Python menggunakan MediaPipe Pose, yang dirancang untuk beroperasi pada perangkat edge komoditas tanpa kumpulan data pelatihan apa pun. Sistem ini terdiri dari tiga lapisan yang terintegrasi erat: (1) lapisan formulasi matematika yang menghitung sudut tubuh berbasis vektor, normalisasi tubuh rasio jarak, dan kecepatan CoM antar frame; (2) lapisan pemodelan temporal yang menggabungkan Mesin Keadaan Terbatas empat keadaan deterministik dengan analisis energi gerak jendela geser; dan (3) evaluasi ketahanan di tiga sudut pandang kamera, dua kondisi pencahayaan, dan tiga jenis jatuh. Validasi eksperimental menghasilkan sensitivitas 91,8%, spesifisitas 95,8%, dan skor F1 93,1%, dengan latensi deteksi ujung-ke-ujung rata-rata 140,1 ms pada Raspberry Pi 4—memenuhi batasan waktu nyata 200 ms sambil hanya mengonsumsi 72,5% CPU rata-rata dan 284 MB RAM. Arsitektur berbasis aturan memberikan kemampuan audit keputusan penuh tanpa model kotak hitam, selaras dengan persyaratan XAI yang muncul untuk regulasi perangkat medis. Kata Kunci: Deteksi jatuh, MediaPipe Pose, komputasi tepi, sistem berbasis aturan, kecerdasan buatan dengan keadaan terbatas, AI yang dapat dijelaskan, perawatan lansia, pemantauan real-time

Abstract: Internet penetration in Indonesia continues to increase, but this has not been matched by responsible digital behavior. This study analyzes the development of digital ethics research in Indonesia from 2020 to 2026 through a qualitative literature review with Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis of 34 articles purposively selected from Google Scholar, Crossref, Garuda, DOAJ, and SINTA. Coding was conducted using NVivo 14, while the validity of the findings was strengthened through source triangulation, audit trails, and peer debriefing. The analysis identified four interrelated themes: the normalization of unethical behavior such as cyberbullying and plagiarism; low digital reasoning that accelerates the spread of disinformation; the dilemma between freedom of expression and digital responsibility; and the reconstruction of ethics through strengthening digital literacy and citizenship. Weak digital reasoning has been shown to reinforce unethical behavior while hindering the formation of a responsible digital culture. This study concludes that the challenges of digital ethics in Indonesia are rooted in socio-cultural factors, so strengthening them requires ongoing collaboration between the government, educational institutions, platform providers, and the community.

Abstract: This study aims to identify, evaluate, and synthesize empirical evidence regarding the role of gold as a safe-haven, hedge, and diversifier instrument in modern portfolios, employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach within the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. Articles were analyzed using thematic synthesis, involving a coding process based on crisis characteristics, econometric methods, and market types. Out of 309 articles identified across the Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases, 20 met all inclusion criteria for the 2020–2026 period. The synthesis results indicate that gold's effectiveness as a safe haven is conditional and dynamic rather than universal and static: gold proved effective in protecting portfolio value during structural financial crises—such as the 2008 Global Financial Crisis—and prolonged geopolitical tensions like the Russia-Ukraine conflict, yet it lost its protective function during the initial phases of sudden liquidity crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Key moderating factors identified include crisis typology, gold market volatility, interest rate policies, exchange rate dynamics, and market characteristics—including structural differences between developed markets and emerging markets like Indonesia. The emergence of crypto-assets has not fully displaced gold's position; instead, it creates opportunities for strategic complementarity that can enhance risk-adjusted returns in modern portfolio construction. Keywords: safe haven; gold; systematic literature review; portfolio management; cryptocurrency   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi, mengevaluasi, dan mensintesis bukti empiris mengenai peran emas sebagai instrumen safe haven, hedge, dan diversifier dalam portofolio modern melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan kerangka Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Artikel dianalisis menggunakan thematic synthesis dengan proses coding berdasarkan karakteristik krisis, metode ekonometrika, serta tipe pasar. Dari 309 artikel yang diidentifikasi melalui basis data Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar, sebanyak 20 artikel memenuhi seluruh kriteria inklusi untuk rentang periode 2020–2026. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas emas sebagai safe haven bersifat kondisional dan dinamis, bukan universal dan statis: emas terbukti efektif melindungi nilai portofolio dalam konteks krisis finansial struktural seperti Global Financial Crisis 2008 serta tekanan geopolitik berkepanjangan seperti konflik Rusia–Ukraina, namun kehilangan fungsi protektifnya selama fase awal krisis likuiditas mendadak seperti pandemi Covid-19. Faktor-faktor moderasi utama yang teridentifikasi mencakup tipologi krisis, tingkat volatilitas pasar emas itu sendiri, kebijakan suku bunga, dinamika nilai tukar, serta karakteristik pasar, termasuk perbedaan struktural antara pasar maju dan emerging market seperti Indonesia. Kehadiran aset kripto tidak sepenuhnya menggantikan posisi emas, melainkan membentuk peluang komplementaritas strategis yang dapat meningkatkan risk-adjusted return dalam konstruksi portofolio modern. Kata kunci: safe haven; emas; systematic literature review; manajemen portofolio;   cryptocurrency

Abstract: Structural analysis research on the Tabayang Bridge in TANJUNG BALAI City, North Sumatra. To determine the structural resistance of the Tabayang Bridge using the moment of inertia method formula,  The research on the resistance of the Tabayang Bridge, which has a total length of 600 m, the beam is divided into three cross-sectional segments (top, middle, web, and bottom with the following provisions): Upper flange (Concrete Plate): Width ????1 = 120 cm, Thickness ℎ1 = 20 cm. Web (Beam Web): Thickness ????2 = 15 cm, Height ℎ2 = 140 cm. Lower flange (Bottom Load): Width ????3 = 50 cm, Height ℎ3 = 30 cm. The results of the study indicate that the maximum bending stress that occurs (11.40 MPa) is smaller than the allowable compressive strength of the concrete (σ_permit = 15 MPa), so the Tabayang Bridge girder cross-section is declared SAFE against the planned bending load. The moment of inertia is a crucial parameter in bridge structural strength analysis because it determines the cross-section's ability to withstand bending forces and control deflection. The greater the moment of inertia, the greater the structural stiffness and the smaller the stress and deflection caused by loading. Therefore, calculating the moment of inertia is a key step in the planning and safety evaluation of bridge structures, ensuring that the resulting structure meets the strength, stiffness, and safety requirements of civil engineering standards. Keywords: Analysis of the durability of the Tabayang Bridge using the moment of inertia method  Abstrak: Penelitian analisa struktur Jembatan Tabayang di Kota TANJUNG BALAI Sumatra Utara ,Untuk mengetahui ketahanan struktur pada jembatan tabayang yang menggunakan rumus metode momen inersia, Penelitian ketahanan jembatan tabayang yang memiliki panjang total 600 m balok tersebut dibagi menjadi 3 segmen penampang (atas,tengah,web dan bawah dengan ketentuan), Flens atas (Plat Beton) : Lebar ????1 = 120 cm, Tebal ℎ1 = 20 cm. Web (Badan Balok) : Tebal ????2 = 15 cm, Tinggi ℎ2 = 140 cm Flens bawah (Beban Bawah) : Lebar ????3 = 50 cm, Tinggi ℎ3 = 30 cm. Hasil dari penelitian tersebut pada tegangan lentur maksimum yang terjadi (11.40 MPa) lebih kecil dari kuat tekan izin beton (σ_izin = 15Mpa), maka penampang gelagar Jembatan Tabayang dinyatakan AMAN terhadap beban lentur yang direncanakan. Momen inersia merupakan parameter penting dalam analisis kekuatan struktur jembatan karena menentukan kemampuan penampang dalam menahan gaya lentur dan mengendalikan lendutan. Semakin besar nilai momen inersia, semakin tinggi kekakuan struktur dan semakin kecil tegangan serta lendutan yang terjadi akibat pembebanan. Oleh karena itu, perhitungan momen inersia menjadi salah satu tahapan utama dalam perencanaan dan evaluasi keamanan struktur jembatan, sehingga konstruksi yang dihasilkan memenuhi persyaratan kekuatan, kekakuan, dan keselamatan sesuai standar teknik sipil. Kata Kunci: Analisis ketahanan Jembatan Tabayang Metode momen inersia.

Abstract: This study aims to identify and analyze the influence of the work environment and work discipline on employee performance at the Tebing Tinggi Branch of PT Bank Sumut. The background of this study is based on the fact that employee performance has not yet been optimal, as indicated by the persistent gap between performance targets and actual results; therefore, efforts are needed to improve the factors that influence performance, particularly the work environment and work discipline. The study employed a quantitative method using a replication research approach. The study population consisted of all 35 employees at the Tebing Tinggi Branch of PT Bank Sumut. A saturated sampling technique was used, meaning the entire population served as the sample. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires, interviews, and a literature review. Data analysis involved validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, the coefficient of determination (R²), t-tests, and F-tests using SPSS software. The results of the study indicate that, in part, the work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, with a calculated t-value of 4.689—greater than the critical t-value of 2.034—and a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the better the work environment and the higher the level of work discipline among employees, the higher the employee performance at PT Bank Sumut’s Tebing Tinggi Branch. Therefore, the company is advised to continue improving the quality of the work environment and to strengthen the enforcement of work discipline in order to optimally support improvements in employee performance. Keywords: work environment; work discipline; employee performance.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT Bank Sumut Cabang Tebing Tinggi. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasarkan pada belum optimalnya pencapaian kinerja karyawan yang ditunjukkan oleh masih adanya kesenjangan antara target dan realisasi kinerja, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kinerja, khususnya lingkungan kerja dan disiplin kerja. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan penelitian replikasi. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh karyawan PT Bank Sumut Cabang Tebing Tinggi yang berjumlah 35 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh sehingga seluruh populasi dijadikan responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Analisis data menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda, koefisien determinasi (R²), uji t, dan uji F dengan bantuan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 4,689 lebih besar dari t tabel 2,034 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Disiplin kerja juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 3,749 lebih besar dari t tabel 2,034 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,001 < 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin baik lingkungan kerja dan semakin tinggi disiplin kerja yang dimiliki karyawan, maka semakin meningkat pula kinerja karyawan pada PT Bank Sumut Cabang Tebing Tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan disarankan untuk terus meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan kerja serta memperkuat penerapan disiplin kerja guna mendukung peningkatan kinerja karyawan secara optimal. Kata Kunci : lingkungan kerja; disiplin kerja; kinerja karyawan.

Abstract: This study aims to determine the effect of discipline and the work environment on employee performance at Nusantara Tyre & Service Shop Tebing Tinggi. A quantitative research method was employed, utilizing SPSS software (version 25.00). The study is replicative in nature. The sample consisted of 37 respondents. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires with a Likert scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The results indicate that: 1) discipline affects employee performance at Nusantara Tyre & Service Shop Tebing Tinggi; 2) the work environment affects employee performance at Nusantara Tyre & Service Shop Tebing Tinggi; and 3) discipline and the work environment simultaneously affect employee performance at Nusantara Tyre & Service Shop Tebing Tinggi. Keywords: discipline; work environment; employee performance   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Disiplin Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Nusantara Tyre & Service Shop Tebing Tinggi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan bantuan program SPSS versi 25.00. Sifat penelitian yang digunakan yaitu replikasi. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 37 responden. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner dengan pengkuran skala likert. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu 1) disiplin berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan di Nusantara Tyre & Service Shop Tebing Tinggi. 2) lingkungan kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan di Nusantara Tyre & Service Shop Tebing Tinggi. 3) disiplin dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan di Nusantara Tyre & Service Shop Tebing Tinggi. Kata Kunci : disiplin; lingkungan kerja; kinerja karyawan.

Abstract: This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of work discipline and emotional intelligence on employee performance at King's Auto Service, Tebing Tinggi City. This research employed a quantitative method with an associative approach. The population consisted of 45 employees, and the sampling technique used was total sampling, meaning that all members of the population were selected as research respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and literature studies, and analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS version 25. The results indicate that work discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Emotional intelligence also has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Simultaneously, work discipline and emotional intelligence have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.461 indicates that work discipline and emotional intelligence explain 46.1% of the variation in employee performance, while the remaining 53.9% is influenced by other variables outside the scope of this study. Therefore, improving work discipline and emotional intelligence can enhance employee performance at King's Auto Service, Tebing Tinggi City. Keywords: work discipline; emotional intelligence; employee performance.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh disiplin kerja dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap kinerja karyawan pada King's Auto Service Kota Tebing Tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan asosiatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 45 orang karyawan, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling, sehingga seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel penelitian. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, wawancara, dan studi pustaka, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa disiplin kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Kecerdasan emosional juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Secara simultan, disiplin kerja dan kecerdasan emosional berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,461 menunjukkan bahwa disiplin kerja dan kecerdasan emosional mampu menjelaskan sebesar 46,1% variasi kinerja karyawan, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 53,9% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain di luar penelitian. Dengan demikian, peningkatan disiplin kerja dan kecerdasan emosional dapat meningkatkan kinerja karyawan pada King's Auto Service Kota Tebing Tinggi. Kata Kunci: disiplin kerja; kecerdasan emosional; kinerja karyawan.

This study aims to analyze consumer behavior regarding purchase decisions at Mbak Ningsih Cosmetics in North Toraja Regency. The study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that consumer purchase decisions are influenced by product quality, price, service, promotion, and recommendations. These findings are expected to provide valuable insights for Mbak Ningsih Cosmetics in enhancing its marketing strategies and customer satisfaction.

This descriptive qualitative research aims to analyze the financial management of BUMDes in managing the Pinus Pa’tengko Tourism Object, Mengkendek District, Tana Toraja Regency. The analysis covers five stages: planning, execution, record-keeping, reporting, and accountability. Data were collected through observation, documentation studies, and semi-structured interviews with the Head of Lembang, the BUMDes Chairman, and the Treasurer. The results show that during planning, budgeting is participatory involving the community and traditional leaders, although revenue targets rely on rough estimates without detailed expenditure drafts. In execution, business units for ticketing, parking, ATV rentals, and camping successfully create local employment, despite facing tourist fluctuations and high maintenance costs for non-permanent facilities. In record-keeping, administrative dualism was identified: the Chairman claims to use digital applications, whereas the Treasurer still relies on manual daily cashbook recording. The reporting stage is hindered by unpunctual unit managers, misplaced transaction receipts, and unclear field reports. In accountability, the Accountability Report (LPJ) is submitted annually to the Lembang Government alongside net profit distributions (35% employee salaries, 30% retained earnings, 20% BUMDes, and village income contribution). However, periodic in-depth evaluations remain passive and are tightened only when financial irregularities are indicated.

This study aims to analyze the influence of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, tax awareness and knowledge, and motivation on tax compliance. This research is motivated by the importance of improving taxpayer compliance as one of the key factors supporting the optimization of state revenue from the taxation sector. The study employed a quantitative research method, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 55 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination with the assistance of statistical software. The results of the study indicate that, partially, the attitude variable has a positive and significant effect on tax compliance, with a t-value of 2.288 and a significance value of 0.026. Tax awareness and knowledge also have a positive and significant effect on tax compliance, with a t-value of 3.535 and a significance value of 0.001. Meanwhile, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and motivation do not have a significant effect on tax compliance. Simultaneously, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, tax awareness and knowledge, and motivation significantly influence tax compliance, with an F-value of 13.564 and a significance value of 0.000. The coefficient of determination test shows an Adjusted R Square value of 0.538, indicating that 53.8% of the variation in tax compliance can be explained by the independent variables in this study, while the remaining 46.2% is explained by other factors outside the research model. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that attitude as well as tax awareness and knowledge are important factors in improving tax compliance, whereas subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and motivation do not show a significant influence on tax compliance.

This study aims to examine the effect of work stress and work culture on employee performance at the Education Office of North Toraja Regency. A quantitative research approach was employed using questionnaires and documentation for data collection. The study involved 46 employees, all of whom were selected as respondents through a census sampling technique. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS with multiple linear regression, t-test, and F-test. The results revealed that work stress had no significant effect on employee performance, as indicated by a calculated t-value of -1.690, which was lower than the critical t-value of 2.016, with a significance level of 0.098 (>0.05). In contrast, work culture had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, with a calculated t-value of 5.525, exceeding the critical value of 2.016 and a significance level of 0.000 (<0.05). Simultaneously, work stress and work culture significantly influenced employee performance, as evidenced by an F-value of 19.563, which was greater than the F-table value of 3.21, with a significance level of 0.000 (<0.05). These findings indicate that work culture is the dominant factor in improving employee performance.  

Abstract: Information technology transformation has become a major driver of change across various sectors, including education, business, government, healthcare, and industry. The rapid advancement of digital technologies such as cloud computing, Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and modern communication technologies has improved operational efficiency, service quality, and data-driven decision-making within organizations. This study aims to analyze the opportunities, challenges, and implementation of information technology across multiple sectors in the digital era. The research employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by examining national and international scientific publications published between 2022 and 2026. The findings indicate that information technology implementation significantly enhances productivity, innovation, transparency, and organizational competitiveness when supported by effective governance, adequate digital infrastructure, and competent human resources. Nevertheless, digital transformation continues to face challenges related to cybersecurity, personal data protection, digital inequality, infrastructure limitations, and insufficient digital literacy. Therefore, integrated, adaptive, and sustainable digital transformation strategies are required to maximize the benefits of information technology for organizations and society. Keywords: Digital Transformation, Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, Systematic Literature Review   Abstrak: Transformasi teknologi informasi telah menjadi pendorong utama perubahan di berbagai sektor, termasuk pendidikan, bisnis, pemerintahan, kesehatan, dan industri. Perkembangan teknologi digital seperti cloud computing, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), big data, dan teknologi komunikasi modern telah meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, kualitas layanan, serta kemampuan organisasi dalam pengambilan keputusan berbasis data. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peluang, tantangan, dan implementasi teknologi informasi pada berbagai sektor di era digital. Metode penelitian menggunakan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengkaji artikel ilmiah nasional dan internasional yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2022–2026. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan teknologi informasi memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan produktivitas, inovasi, transparansi, dan daya saing organisasi apabila didukung oleh tata kelola yang efektif, infrastruktur digital yang memadai, serta sumber daya manusia yang kompeten. Namun, implementasi transformasi digital masih menghadapi tantangan berupa keamanan siber, perlindungan data pribadi, kesenjangan digital, keterbatasan infrastruktur, dan rendahnya literasi digital. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi transformasi digital yang terintegrasi, adaptif, dan berkelanjutan agar pemanfaatan teknologi informasi mampu memberikan nilai tambah bagi organisasi dan masyarakat. Kata kunci: Transformasi Digital, Teknologi Informasi, Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, Systematic Literature Review.

Abstract: Loneliness is a subjective lack of satisfying relationships, whereas social isolation is an objective limitation in social contact or network availability. This rapid systematic review synthesized evidence published from 2021 to 5 July 2026 on loneliness, social isolation, cardiovascular outcomes, and nursing interventions. Searches included PubMed/MEDLINE, PubMed Central, publisher records, and citation tracking. Adult studies were reported using PRISMA 2020 principles and appraised with JBI tools. Of 34 candidates, five were excluded and 29 studies were narratively synthesized. Evidence linked loneliness and social isolation with cardiovascular disease incidence, heart failure, mortality, poorer adaptation, and impaired self-management, although measures and adjustment varied. Repeated or persistent social disconnection may be more informative than one-time assessment. Psychological, social-contact, home-based, telephone, and digital interventions may improve loneliness, but evidence for reducing major cardiovascular events remains insufficient. Nurses should screen both constructs, integrate findings into cardiovascular care, coordinate referrals, support rehabilitation, and monitor clinical outcomes. Keywords: Loneliness; social isolation; cardiovascular disease; nursing; cardiovascular risk. Abstrak: Kesepian merupakan pengalaman subjektif berupa kurangnya hubungan yang memuaskan, sedangkan isolasi sosial adalah keterbatasan objektif dalam kontak sosial atau ketersediaan jaringan sosial. Tinjauan sistematis cepat ini menyintesis bukti yang dipublikasikan dari tahun 2021 hingga 5 Juli 2026 mengenai kesepian, isolasi sosial, luaran kardiovaskular, dan intervensi keperawatan. Pencarian dilakukan melalui PubMed/MEDLINE, PubMed Central, catatan penerbit, dan penelusuran sitasi. Studi pada populasi dewasa dilaporkan berdasarkan prinsip PRISMA 2020 dan dinilai menggunakan instrumen JBI. Dari 34 artikel kandidat, lima dikeluarkan dan 29 studi disintesis secara naratif. Bukti menunjukkan bahwa kesepian dan isolasi sosial berkaitan dengan kejadian penyakit kardiovaskular, gagal jantung, mortalitas, adaptasi yang lebih buruk, dan gangguan manajemen diri, meskipun terdapat variasi dalam pengukuran dan penyesuaian faktor perancu. Keterputusan sosial yang berulang atau menetap mungkin lebih informatif dibandingkan penilaian satu kali. Intervensi psikologis, kontak sosial, layanan berbasis rumah, telepon, dan digital dapat mengurangi kesepian, tetapi bukti mengenai penurunan kejadian kardiovaskular mayor masih belum memadai. Perawat perlu melakukan skrining terhadap kedua kondisi tersebut, mengintegrasikan hasilnya ke dalam perawatan kardiovaskular, mengoordinasikan rujukan, mendukung rehabilitasi, dan memantau luaran klinis. Kata kunci: Kesepian; isolasi sosial; penyakit kardiovaskular; keperawatan; risiko kardiovaskular

Abstract: This study aims to determine the effect of side barriers on the performance of Jalan A. Rivai in the Kisaran night culinary tourism area. The method used was an observational study with a traffic volume survey for seven consecutive days in November 2025. Data was collected through direct counts of light vehicles, heavy vehicles, and motorcycles using traffic counters. The analysis included calculating traffic volume (Q), road capacity (C), degree of saturation (DJ), free-flow speed (FV), and the frequency of side barriers. The results showed the highest volume on Sunday with 1,219 vehicles and a Q of 273.4 pcu/h, a road capacity of 1,952.8 pcu/h, a degree of saturation of 0.14, and a free-flow speed of 30.19 km/h. The greatest side barriers occurred on Sunday nights due to vehicle parking and street vendors on the roadside. However, these barriers did not significantly impact road performance. This study recommends shoulder space management and parking management to maintain smooth traffic flow in the area. Keywords: Side barriers, road performance, level of service, traffic volume, night culinary tourism.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh hambatan samping terhadap kinerja ruas Jalan A. Rivai di kawasan wisata kuliner malam Kisaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi observatif dengan survei volume lalu lintas selama tujuh hari berturut-turut pada November 2025. Data dikumpulkan melalui penghitungan langsung kendaraan ringan, berat, dan sepeda motor menggunakan traffic counter. Analisis meliputi perhitungan volume lalu lintas (Q), kapasitas jalan (C), derajat kejenuhan (DJ), kecepatan arus bebas (FV), dan frekuensi hambatan samping. Hasil menunjukkan volume tertinggi pada hari Minggu dengan 1.219 kendaraan dan Q sebesar 273,4 smp/jam, kapasitas jalan sebesar 1.952,8 smp/jam, derajat kejenuhan 0,14, dan kecepatan arus bebas 30,19 km/jam. Hambatan samping terbesar terjadi pada hari Minggu malam disebabkan aktivitas parkir kendaraan dan pedagang kaki lima di bahu jalan. Meski demikian, hambatan ini belum berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja jalan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penataan ruang bahu jalan dan pengelolaan parkir untuk menjaga kelancaran lalu lintas di kawasan tersebut. Kata kunci: Hambatan samping, kinerja jalan, tingkat pelayanan, volume lalu lintas, wisata kuliner malam.

Abstract: Student dropout has become a significant challenge for higher education institutions because it negatively affects academic performance, institutional reputation, and resource allocation. Early identification of students at risk of dropping out enables universities to implement timely interventions and improve student retention. This study proposes a predictive model for identifying students at risk of dropping out using the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm based on academic data. The dataset consists of student academic records, including grade point average (GPA), course completion rate, attendance, accumulated credits, failed courses, and semester performance. The data were preprocessed through data cleaning, feature selection, and normalization to improve model performance. The dataset was then divided into training and testing sets using an 80:20 ratio. The XGBoost model was trained and evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC-ROC). The experimental results demonstrate that XGBoost effectively captures complex relationships among academic variables and provides high predictive performance in identifying students with dropout risk. Feature importance analysis further reveals that GPA, accumulated credits, attendance rate, and the number of failed courses are the most influential factors affecting student dropout. The proposed approach offers a practical decision-support tool for higher education institutions by enabling early detection of at-risk students and facilitating targeted academic support programs. The findings contribute to the application of machine learning in educational data mining and learning analytics, providing valuable insights for improving student retention strategies and academic success. Future research may integrate non-academic factors such as socioeconomic background, psychological characteristics, and student engagement to further enhance prediction accuracy and model generalizability across different educational institutions. Keywords: Student Dropout Prediction; XGBoost; Machine Learning; Educational Data Mining; Learning Analytics.   Abstrak: Putus kuliah merupakan tantangan signifikan bagi institusi pendidikan tinggi karena berdampak negatif terhadap kinerja akademik, reputasi institusi, dan alokasi sumber daya. Identifikasi dini terhadap mahasiswa yang berisiko putus kuliah memungkinkan universitas untuk menerapkan intervensi yang tepat waktu dan meningkatkan retensi mahasiswa. Penelitian ini mengusulkan model prediktif untuk mengidentifikasi mahasiswa yang berisiko putus kuliah menggunakan algoritma Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) berdasarkan data akademik. Kumpulan data mencakup rekam jejak akademik mahasiswa, termasuk Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif (IPK), tingkat penyelesaian mata kuliah, kehadiran, akumulasi kredit, mata kuliah yang gagal, dan kinerja semester. Data diproses melalui tahapan pembersihan data, seleksi fitur, dan normalisasi untuk meningkatkan kinerja model. Selanjutnya, kumpulan data dibagi menjadi set pelatihan dan pengujian dengan rasio 80:20. Model XGBoost dilatih dan dievaluasi menggunakan metrik akurasi, presisi, recall, skor-F1, dan Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC-ROC). Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa XGBoost secara efektif menangkap hubungan kompleks antarvariabel akademik dan memberikan kinerja prediksi yang tinggi dalam mengidentifikasi mahasiswa dengan risiko putus kuliah. Analisis kepentingan fitur mengungkapkan bahwa IPK, akumulasi kredit, tingkat kehadiran, dan jumlah mata kuliah yang gagal merupakan faktor paling berpengaruh terhadap risiko putus kuliah mahasiswa. Pendekatan yang diusulkan ini menawarkan alat pendukung keputusan yang praktis bagi institusi pendidikan tinggi dengan memungkinkan deteksi dini mahasiswa berisiko serta memfasilitasi program dukungan akademik yang terarah. Temuan ini berkontribusi pada penerapan machine learning dalam penambangan data pendidikan dan analitik pembelajaran, serta memberikan wawasan berharga untuk meningkatkan strategi retensi mahasiswa dan keberhasilan akademik. Penelitian di masa mendatang dapat mengintegrasikan faktor non-akademik—seperti latar belakang sosial-ekonomi, karakteristik psikologis, dan keterlibatan mahasiswa—untuk lebih meningkatkan akurasi prediksi dan kemampuan generalisasi model di berbagai institusi pendidikan. Kata kunci: Prediksi Putus Kuliah Mahasiswa; XGBoost; Machine Learning; Penambangan Data Pendidikan; Analitik Pembelajaran.